Ioma cell lines; B) primary glioblastoma cells obtained from surgical resectionIoma cell lines; B) primary

Ioma cell lines; B) primary glioblastoma cells obtained from surgical resection
Ioma cell lines; B) primary glioblastoma cells obtained from surgical resection; or C) normal human astrocytes (NHA) and a NY-ESO-1+ human melanoma line, 624.38. Only decitabine-treated glioma cells demonstrated expression of NY-ESO-1. D) Using SYBR green DNA labeling and quantitative PCR primers specific for NYESO-1 and GAPDH, the cDNA was amplified using a real-time PCR protocol. The relative fold change in gene expression is graphed showing an increase average fold change in treated T98G and glioblastoma #1 cells compared to untreated (***p = 0.0001 and **p = 0.007). Similar results were seen in three replicate experiments.Unt re at ed+DKonkankit et al. Journal of Translational Medicine 2011, 9:192 http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/9/1/Page 7 ofconventional RT-PCR (Figure 2D). Compared to the untreated control cells, the decitabine-treated T98G and glioblastoma #1 cells showed average log fold increases in the gene expression of NY-ESO-1 (3155.12 and 544.29, respectively) both of which were statistically significant (p = 0.0001 and 0.0075). To BQ-123 web evaluate the baseline expression of NY-ESO-1 in heterogeneous human brain tumor tissues, a large panel of normal tissues and brain tumors of varying grades were subjected to global gene expression profiling using Affymetrix U133 2.0 chips. NY-ESO-1 was not expressed in lower-grade gliomas (WHO Grades II-III). However, significantly elevated expression was detectable in a small percentage of medulloblastoma and glioblastoma (WHO Grade IV) tumor specimens. Such expression was comparable to the expression of NY-ESO-1 observed in normal testes, the only non-malignant, postnatal tissue that normally expresses this CTA (Figure 3). These data clarify the frequency and degree of expression of NY-ESO-1 in heterogeneous patient samples.Immunosensitization of human glioma after decitabine treatmentTo evaluate whether up-regulated expression of NYESO-1 and MHC I sensitized these tumor cells to T PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28878015 cellrecognition, we expressed an NY-ESO-1 specific T-cell receptor clone 1G4 in normal human PBMCs utilizing a retroviral transduction system [30]. Within the transduced CD3+CD8+ T-cell population of PBMCs, 56 of cells expressed TCRVb13.1, a TCR known to be expressed by the clone 1G4-a95:LY NY-ESO-1 TCR [30] (Additional File 2). Untransduced cells showed only small frequencies of a TCRVb13.1+ T cell population. Tetramer staining revealed that nearly 50 of the CD3 + CD8+ population was NY-ESO-1 specific (Figure 4A). Tetramer staining also showed that approximately 45 of the CD3+CD4+ population was NY-ESO-1 specific. To evaluate the functional recognition of glioma cells by NY-ESO-1 specific T cells, the cells were co-cultured and then stained for intracellular expression of CD107A (LAMP-1). The cell surface mobilization of CD107A has been directly linked to CTL lytic granule release and target cell death [33]. In a representative study that has been repeated at least 3 times, NY-ESO1 specific CD8 + T cells, gated from the CD3 + CD8 + population, exhibited a 7 or a 68 expression of CD107A when co-cultured with control or decitabinetreated T98 glioma cells, respectively (Figure 4B). NYESO-1 specific CD4+ T cells, gated from the CD3+CD4 + population, did not respond to the co-cultures (dataFigure 3 Expression of NY-ESO-1 in human brain tumor tissues. A large panel of normal tissues and brain tumors of varying grades were subjected to global gene expression profiling using Affymetrix U133 2.0 chips. The.