Intraluminal contents moved bidirectionally towards the adjacent regions

by inhibition of platelet COX-1 activity. Apart from above functions, aspirin and other NSAIDs also reportedly exhibit PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19663632 antiproliferative effect. In this study we have investigated apoptosis-like changes in human platelets elicited by aspirin and explored its effect on murine platelet lifespan in vivo. Here we found that, platelets exhibited features of apoptosis following aspirin treatment, which included drop in mitochondrial transmembrane potential, enhanced surface exposure of PS, rise in cytosolic ROS and activation of caspase-3. The pro-apoptotic Bcl2 family protein Bax and Bax-specific mRNA are known to be abundantly expressed in platelets. Aspirin treatment provoked significantly higher expression of conformationally active Bax in platelets compared to their control counterparts. Bax being a known substrate of proteasome we next examined effect of aspirin on proteasomal peptidase Salianic acid A activity in order to understand mechanistic underpinning of aspirin effects on platelets. The drug was found to elicit concentration-dependent attenuation in proteasomal function in human platelets, which was in line with an earlier study on murine Neuro 2a cells. However, above observations did not formally establish a link between proteasome inhibition and Bax activity. A limitation of this study is high dose of aspirin administered in mice. Although effective therapeutic dosage of aspirin against coronary artery disorders is lower than that employed in this study, drug regime against rheumatoid arthritis and other systemic inflammatory Aspirin leads to decreased platelet life span Platelet life span is determined by opposing activities of antiand pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. As proteasomal activity in tumor cells influences cellular level of these proteins and aspirin attenuated proteasome function in platelets, we investigated if aspirin can regulate platelet lifespan in vivo in a rodent model. Consistent with earlier findings oral administration of aspirin to mice led to significant lowering in platelet count by 18% and 32% and 28% and 48% . When administered intravenously in tail vein in mice, 50 and 75 mg/kg of aspirin decreased platelet count by 50% and 72%, respectively, reflective of aspirin-induced decrease in platelet count. Reduction in platelet count could either be due to increase in platelet clearance or decreased platelet production. In order to study former possibility we conjugated mice platelets with biotin by intravenous administration of NHS-biotin and tracked the labeled platelets ex vivo by incubating cells with PE-streptavidin. Consistent with earlier observation by Berger et al., platelet half-life was found to be 80 h in control mice, which dropped significantly to 65 h and 54 h, respectively, in mice administered orally with aspirin at 10 and 15 mg/kg/day for 4 days. Intravenous administration of 50 and 75 mg/kg of aspirin to the tail vein of mice decreased half life of platelets by 21 and 37 h, respectively. Salicylic acid did not Aspirin Delimits Platelet Life Span diseases is higher by 510 fold, which is fairly comparable with aspirin orally administered in mice in our study. Salicylic acid did not evoke any apoptotic response, which indicated that effect of aspirin could be due to acetylation-dependent process. We have recently shown that, proteasome plays critical role in platelet survival through constitutive elimination of the conformationally active Bax. As aspirin inhibited proteasome activity in human platel