………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… bacterial flagellum FL 104 1.67 ?104 650 20 Berg [9], Reid et al. [30], Minamino et al. [31] …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..linear.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… bacterial flagellum FL 104 1.67 ?104 650 20 Berg [9], Reid et al. [30], SB 203580MedChemExpress SB 203580 Minamino et al. [31] …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..linear……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org R. Soc. open sci. 3:…………………………………………Table 3. Molecular motors. (No, line number; Ab, abbreviated motor name; Ty, motor type: M1 = single molecule, M2 = molecular assembly, including myofibrils and myocytes; U, organism: U = unicellular, Z = multicellular; C, S = swimming; T = terrestrial, solid surface; F = flying; N = non-locomotory; group, taxonomic group, see list of abbreviations; motor: m. = muscle; M, cell or body mass (kg); I, mass indicated in the cited article : Y = Yes, N = No; A, molecular area (nm2 ); F, force (pN) or torque (pN nm)/lever arm (nm) of rotary motors; f, specific tension (kPa); T, temperature ( ), R = room temperature; Comment, f. = force.) motor M (kg) I A (nm2 ) F (pN) f (kPa) T ( ) comment referenceno.AbTyUCspeciesgroup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..linear Miransertib site motors 1 RN M1 U N Escherichia coli Ba RNA polymerase 1.3 ?10-15 N 99 25 253 — stall force Wang et al. [17] ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. -13 2 DC M1 U N Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fu dynein (cytoplasmic) 3 ?10 N 67 7 104 25 stall force Gennerich et al. [16] (yeast). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. bacterial flagellum FL 104 1.67 ?104 650 20 Berg [9], Reid et al. [30], Minamino et al. [31] …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..linear……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org R. Soc. open sci. 3:…………………………………………Table 3. Molecular motors. (No, line number; Ab, abbreviated motor name; Ty, motor type: M1 = single molecule, M2 = molecular assembly, including myofibrils and myocytes; U, organism: U = unicellular, Z = multicellular; C, S = swimming; T = terrestrial, solid surface; F = flying; N = non-locomotory; group, taxonomic group, see list of abbreviations; motor: m. = muscle; M, cell or body mass (kg); I, mass indicated in the cited article : Y = Yes, N = No; A, molecular area (nm2 ); F, force (pN) or torque (pN nm)/lever arm (nm) of rotary motors; f, specific tension (kPa); T, temperature ( ), R = room temperature; Comment, f. = force.) motor M (kg) I A (nm2 ) F (pN) f (kPa) T ( ) comment referenceno.AbTyUCspeciesgroup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..linear motors 1 RN M1 U N Escherichia coli Ba RNA polymerase 1.3 ?10-15 N 99 25 253 — stall force Wang et al. [17] ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. -13 2 DC M1 U N Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fu dynein (cytoplasmic) 3 ?10 N 67 7 104 25 stall force Gennerich et al. [16] (yeast). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ………………………………………………..